First, the surgeon removes part of your colon.

In many cases, the surgeon can reattach the ends of the colon in the same surgery. The ends can be reattached end to end, side to side, or side to end.

But sometimes the ends can't be reattached until the colon has had some time to heal. In this case, the surgeon will need to create a stoma.

To create a stoma, the surgeon makes an opening in your belly and connects part of the intestine to that opening in the skin. This opening is the stoma.

After you have this operation, which is called a colostomy, waste will leave your body through the stoma instead of through the anus.

This completes the first surgery. You then have to give your colon time to heal.

There is no muscle around the stoma, so you won't be able to control when waste or gas passes out of your body. To collect the waste, an odour-proof plastic colostomy bag (also called an ostomy pouch) is placed on the stoma. The bag is held to your skin with an adhesive or tape. Body waste passes from the colon through the stoma into the colostomy bag.

After your colon has healed, you may be able to have another surgery to close the stoma and reattach the ends of your colon. After the ends of your colon are reattached, you will no longer need a colostomy bag. Waste will again leave your body through the anus.