Emergency medicine specialists, commonly called ER doctors, are medical doctors who specialize in emergency care. They can diagnose and treat many medical emergencies and can refer people to other health professionals for further treatment.

Emergency medicine specialists may further specialize in one area of medicine, such as sports medicine, or they may only treat children (pediatric emergency medicine specialists).

Emergency medicine doctors are certified by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada. The College of Family Physicians of Canada also certifies emergency medicine doctors.