Overview

The following tips on good footwear may prevent toe, foot, or ankle problems or injuries.

• Have your feet measured regularly.

  The size of your feet may change as you grow older.

• Have both feet measured.

  Often one foot is larger than the other. The shoes should be fitted to the larger foot.

• Don't choose shoes based on the size marked inside.

  Sizes vary among shoe brands and styles. Pick shoes by how they fit your feet.

• Choose a shoe that fits the shape of your foot.

  Look for a shoe that conforms as nearly as possible to the shape of your forefoot (the front, widest part of your foot).

• Look for roomy footwear with a wide toe box.

  Consider laced shoes that have enough room for your toes to wiggle. Athletic shoes are a good choice. High-top laced shoes may give foot and ankle support.

• Make sure the heel fits.

  Your heel should fit comfortably in the shoe with a minimum amount of slipping (pistoning).

• Avoid high-heeled, narrow, and pointed-toe shoes if you can.

  High-heeled shoes increase pressure on the front of the foot. If you cannot avoid wearing pumps or high-heeled shoes, look for a pair that gives your toes more room.

  • Choose shoes with heels that are no more than 5 cm (2 in.) high.
  • Alternate these shoes with flat, roomy shoes to give your toes a chance to move freely.
• Look for shoes made of materials that "give" or stretch.

  They will be the most comfortable for your toes and feet.

• Look for shoes that do not have seams.

  This will prevent rubbing or irritation of the skin.

• Find comfortable shoes for home.

  Consider sandals, soft leather flat shoes, or inexpensive cloth shoes for at-home wear. If you have an enlarged toe joint, cut a hole in the cloth shoes.

• Plan to buy your shoes at the end of the day.

  Your foot is more swollen at the end of the day. Foot size may vary half a size from the morning to the evening or after a day at work.

• Stand during the fitting process.

  Your foot is longer when you stand up. There should be one finger's width [about 13 mm (0.5 in.)] between your longest toe and the end of the shoe. For the most comfort, the shoe should not be more than 6 mm (0.25 in.) narrower than the width of your foot when you are standing.

• Walk around the store.

  Make sure that the fit feels right in both shoes.

  If you have foot problems or you are at a high risk of falling, ask your doctor what else to think about when you choose a shoe.